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Atom, smallest unit into which matter can be divided without the release of electrically charged particles. It also is the smallest unit of matter that has the characteristic properties of a chemical element. As such, the atom is the basic building block of chemistry.
An anion has more electrons than protons, consequently giving it a net negative charge. For an anion to form, one or more electrons must be gained, typically pulled away from other atoms with a weaker affinity for them
Cation, atom or group of atoms that bears a positive electric charge. See ion. Read More on This Topic. ion. Positively charged ions are called cations; negatively charged ions, anions
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