Answer:
RISK FACTORS
INDIVIDUAL: Variable risk factors include income level, peer group, adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), and employment status. Individual-level risk factors may include a person's genetic predisposition to addiction or exposure to alcohol prenatally.
FAMILY:
•Social isolation
•Family stress, separation or divorce, and violence,
including intimate partner violence
•Parenting stress, poor parent-child relationships, and negative interactions
PEER: Lack of confidence. uncertainty about ones place within a given peer group. no personal interests exclusive of one's peer group. feeling isolated from peers and/or family.
SCHOOL:
•Risk taking.
•Aggressiveness.
•Early involvement in violent behavior.
Involvement in other antisocial behavior, beliefs and attitudes favorable to deviant or antisocial behavior
COMMUNITY: In communities, risk factors include neighborhood poverty and violence.
PROTECTIVE FACTORS
INDIVIDUAL: Positive attitudes, values or beliefs. Conflict resolution skills. Good mental, physical, spiritual and emotional health. Positive self-esteem.
FAMILY:
•Supportive family environment and social networks
•Concrete support for basic needs
•Nurturing parenting skills
•Stable family relationships
•Household rules and child monitoring
•Parental employment
•Parental education
•Adequate housing
•Access to health care and social services
•Caring adults outside the family who can serve as role models or mentors
PEER: Intensive supervision. Clear behavior rules. Firm disciplinary methods. Engagement of parents and teachers.
SCHOOL: Protective factors include personal characteristics such as a positive view of one's future; life conditions such as frequent parental presence in the home at key times (e.g., after school, at dinner time);2 and behaviors such as active participation in school activities.
COMMUNITY: protective factors could include the availability of faith-based resources and after-school activities.
Explanation:
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