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The Commonwealth of the Philippines (Spanish: Commonwealth de Filipinas; Tagalog: Komonwelt ng Pilipinas or Malasariling Pamahalaan ng Pilipinas was the administrative body that governed the Philippines from 1935 to 1946, aside from a period of exile in the Second World War from 1942 to 1945 when Japan occupied the country. It replaced the Insular Government, a United States territorial government, and was established by the Tydings–McDuffie Act. The Commonwealth was designed as a transitional administration in preparation for the country's full achievement of independence. Its foreign affairs remained managed by the United States.
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