Learning Task 4: Think of two animals that can reproduce sexually. In the first box, draw an example of an
animal that exhibits internal fertilization (fertilization occurs inside the body) in the second box, draw an animal
that exhibits external fertilization (fertilization occurs outside the body or in the outside environment)

Sexual reproduction is a type of reproduction where gametes with a single set of chromosomes, or haploid, meet and combine to make a zygote that will, later on, grow into an organism. This process is termed fertilization. As the two haploids combine, the egg cell and the sperm cell, they will produce two sets of chromosomes called diploid. Fertilization has two types: internal and external fertilization.

Internal Fertilization

Internal fertilization happens when the union between the egg cell and the sperm cell happens inside the female’s reproductive tract. It can be seen in mammals, birds, and some aquatic animals. After the fertilization, an animal can either lay an egg (oviparity), give birth to an offspring (viviparity), or hatch an egg inside its body (ovoviviparity).

External Fertilization

Unlike internal fertilization, external fertilization occurs outside the organism’s body. This happens when a female organism secretes multiple egg cells in the environment and a male organism releases its gametes. The gametes will meet and the offspring will be produced. The number of offspring produced in this kind of fertilization is more compared to the result of internal fertilization. This kind of fertilization is quite common in fishes and amphibians.

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