Answer:
There are five types of interactions between different species as listed below:
Competition & Predation.
When one entity hunts another animal to suffice its nutritional requirements, it is referred to as predation. A predator is an entity that hunts its prey. For example, a snake eats a frog. Here snake is the predator and the frog is its prey. Competition, on the other hand, is when populations or even an individual compete for food resources. It is often referred to as exploitative or consumptive competition. When there is a competition for territory it is interference competition and preemptive competition is when they compete for a new piece of territory and have arrived first.
Commensalism.
It is an imbalanced type of interaction wherein one entity benefits while the other is neither harmed nor benefited. There are four types of commensal associations.
Inquilinism – An entity occupies living habitat of another species(burrow, nest)
Chemical commensalism – A bacteria produces a chemical which nurtures another bacteria
Phoresy – An organism tentatively attaches itself to another entity for transportation requirements.
Metabiosis – One entity is dependant on the other for survival
Parasitism.
One entity benefits from other entities and is harmed, but not necessarily killed. The entity that is harmed is the host and the one benefited is the parasite. When the host is killed, this type of behaviour is referred to as parasitoidism. These parasites can be living on the surface of the host, often addressed as ectoparasites (fleas, leeches) while endoparasites live inside the host. Endoparasites can be subdivided into intracellular parasites(live inside cells) and intercellular parasites(live in spaces between cells).
Mutualism.
Both species involved in the interaction are benefited. These interactions take place in three patterns:
Facultative mutualism – Species survive on their own under favourable conditions
Obligate mutualism – One species is dependent for survival on the other
Diffusive mutualism – One entity can live with multiple partners
These relationships have three purposes:
Defensive mutualism
Trophic mutualism
Dispersive mutualism
Amensalism.
In this type of interaction, when one population finds itself in danger the other population is not majorly affected. For instance, Tall and wide plants hinder the growth of comparatively smaller plants. Some plants even secrete substances that repress the growth of nearby plants in order to remove competition.