Solution:
[tex]\text{mass percent of element} = \frac{\text{atomic mass × subscript}}{\text{molar mass of compound}} × 100[/tex]
For Na
[tex]\text{mass percent of Na} = \frac{\text{atomic mass Na × subscript}}{\text{molar mass of NaCl}} × 100[/tex]
[tex]\text{mass percent of Na} = \frac{\text{23.0 g × 1}}{\text{58.5 g}} × 100[/tex]
[tex]\boxed{\text{mass percent of Na = 39.32\%}}[/tex]
For Cl
[tex]\text{mass percent of Cl} = \frac{\text{atomic mass Cl × subscript}}{\text{molar mass of NaCl}} × 100[/tex]
[tex]\text{mass percent of Cl} = \frac{\text{35.5 g × 1}}{\text{58.5 g}} × 100[/tex]
[tex]\boxed{\text{mass percent of Cl = 60.68\%}}[/tex]
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