Sagot :
Answer:
In this article, through a comparative analysis of Dewey’s and Laozi’s relevant
accounts, I examine a pragmatic insight concerning moral rules and moral experience to the
effect that (i) xed and formulated moral rules should not be taken as the nal absolute moral
authority, and (ii) attention needs to be paid to the moral agent’s own moral experience that
responds to the felt demands in concrete situations. The purpose of this paper is to enhance understanding the crucial points of the pragmatic insight and to look at how, in certain
complementary ways, Dewey’s and Laozi’s distinct approaches could contribute to the prag- matic insight and learn from each other. I endeavour to show several points: (1) The pragmatic insight has its distinct metaphysical foundations in Dewey’s and Laozi’s accounts, whose combination could enhance each other’s visions and overcome each other’s limitations;
(2) Both Dewey and Laozi reject some sharp dualism to look at the nature of moral experience
that responds to the felt demands in concrete situations; in so doing, their distinct focuses on
different aspects, or developing stages, of such moral experience could be complementarily
coordinated into a whole; (3) Their characterisations of the pragmatic insight are also based
upon their distinct but related naturalistic perspectives to human moral foundation; Laozi’s approach could provide some constructive insight for and due natural limitations on Dewey’s account.
John Dewey, a 20th-century pragmatist, explicitly presents two related dimensions of a pragmatic insight on morality: (i) xed and formulated moral rules should not be taken
as the nal absolute moral authority, and (ii) attention needs to be paid to the moral
agent’s own moral experience that responds to the felt demands in concrete situations. There are some visions in Laozi’s Daodejing which are kindred in spirit with the aforementioned pragmatic insight. Through a comparative examination of Dewey’s and
Laozi’s relevant ideas in this connection, the goal of this paper is to enhance understanding the point of the pragmatic insight and to look at how in certain complementary
ways Dewey’s and Laozi’s distinct approaches could constructively contribute to the pragmatic insight and substantively learn from each other for the sake of re ective progress. I intend to show: (1) The preceding pragmatic insight regarding morality has
its distinct general metaphysical foundations, or world views, respectively in Dewey’s and Laozi’s accounts, whose combination could enhance each other’s visions and
overcome each other’s limitations; (2) Both Dewey and Laozi reject some sharp
dualism to look at the nature of moral experience that responds to the felt demands in
concrete situations; in so doing, their characteristic ideas, focusing on different aspects, or developing stages, of such moral experience, could be coordinated into a whole in a
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ANSWER:
What is moral experience?
- A person's interpretations of a lived encounter, or a set of lived encounters, that fall on spectrums of right-wrong, good-bad or just-unjust.
How moral rule is born?
- Moral rule is born through our interactions to peoples it develops across our lifetime and is influenced by an individual' s experiences and thier behaviors.