1.What can you say about the beliefs and culture of people of Panay?

In the northwest, Aklan Province (which includes Boracay) is best known for hosting the amazing Ati-Atihan Festival in its capital, Kalibo. Northeast, Capiz Province, has long been known for the fishponds dotting its capital, Roxas, and for the seafood on nearby Baybay Beach. The Panay Bukidnon are one of only two indigenous communities in the Visayas, the other being the Iraynun-Bukidnon. Also known as the Tumandok or Suludnon, the Panay Bukidnon communities are scattered among the hinterlands of Panay, particularly in the interiors of Tapaz, Capiz

Ellurvesgo Ellurvesgo · Answer 2

Answer:

*The Panak Bukidnon are the tumandok, the native or Indigenous dwellers of the more interior portions of Panay Island, covering the interior barangays of the four provinces of Aklan, Antique, Iloilo, and Capiz. They speak the same Kinaray-a language with very few semantical differences, and are similar in their farming and hunting practices, in their spiritual beliefs and binabaylan (shamanistic) practices, in their having a binukot (kept maiden) tradition, and in their tradition of epic chanting. Every activity, whether in agriculture, fishing, hunting, and so on, is influenced by the environmental spirits and deified umalagad (souls) of the departed ancestors. Their economic life is largely dependent on ka'ingin agriculture, supplemented with hunting and fishing. They also make bolos with elaborately carved handles, knives, and spears and weave baskets, mats, and headwear - items which they exchange for lowland goods such as cloth, salt, and other household necessities brought into the mountains by Christian traders with whom they carry on seasonal commercial relations.

In the 13th Century during the height of the Sri-Vishayan Empire's power, a group of Borneans headed by Datu Puti escaped the tyrannical rule of Sultan Makatunaw and sailed northward until they reached Panay. The group was composed of ten chieftains, their wives, and some slaves, and they are collectively known in historic documents as “the ten datus of Borneo." They were Datu Puti and his wife, Pinangpangan; Datu Bangkaya and his wife, Katarung; Datu Paiburong and his wife, Pabulanon; Datu Sumakwel and his wife, Kapinangan; Datu Paduhinog and his wife, Ribongsapaw; Datu Dumangsol and his wife, Kahiling; Datu Lubay, Datu Dumangsil, Datu Dumalogdog, and Datu Balensuela. The Atis, under the rulership of King Marikudo and Queen Maniwangtiwang, obliged to the trade of their flatlands for a saduk (golden hat), a manangyad (long golden necklace), and other assorted items. The Atis then went further inland and the Borneo people populated the flatlands. In 1566, the Spaniards, having come from Cebu, arrived at the place called Irong-Irong/Ilong-Ilong (so called because of the nose-like shape of the land), which they then contracted into Ilo-ilo.

The Panay Bukidnon are descendants of those datus. We know that they were once coastal dwellers by the relative similarity of their social organization with that of the lowland dwellers and by the general theme of their folk stories - especially their epic, the Sugidanon - which deal largely with the sea rather than the mountains. F. Landa Jocano, in his seminal work Sulod Society: A Study in the Kinship System and Social Organization of a Mountain People of Central Panay, wrote that some of his older informants "still remember their childhood days in the lower section of the Panay River valley and how they had moved upstream because their parents 'sold our clearings to the lowland settlers.'" Their interior mountain barangays began many generations ago as minuro, small settlements of blood-related families who intermarried through the years. Later, the minuro enlarged and were renamed as barangays in the 1960s, during the ascendency of President Ferdinand E. Marcos. Many of the families in the far interior barangays of Siya, Buri, Takayan, and Nayawan moved down to safer areas like Masaroy, Garangan, and Passi (now a city) during Martial Law (1972-1984). Some even went to places far outside Panay Island, such as Palawan and Mindanao, and never returned. Houses of these mountain dwellers are traditionally scattered far apart, some located near the river and some on the mountain slopes where they can see approaching people.