WORD FORMATION
Word Formation
- Word formation can denote either a state or a process. It can also be viewed either diachronically or synchronically. Understanding the different word formation processes helps us to understand the creation of the English vocabulary.
Types of word formation
- Affixation or Derivation - This is the process of adding an affix to a word to create a different form of that word or a new word with a different meaning.
- Coinage - This is the invention of totally new terms in which a new word is created either accidentally or deliberately and often from seemingly nothing.
- Borrowing - This is the process of taking words from other languages.
- Blending - This is a process of creating a new word by combining the parts of two different words, usually the beginning of one word and the end of another.
- Clipping - This involves reduction of syllables in a word. New words are created by shortening parts of a longer word.
- Acronymy - In this type, new words are formed from the initial letters of a set of words.
- Folk Etymology - This refers to the changing of a word or a phrase over time which results from the replacement of an unfamiliar form by a more familiar one.
- Reduplication - This is a process of forming new words by doubling either an entire word (total reduplication) or part of a word (partial reduplication).
- Echoism or Onomatopoeia - In this type, new words are formed by imitating sounds.
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