Answer:
Percent Solutions
One way to describe the concentration of a solution is by the percent of a solute in the solvent. The percent can further be determined in one of two ways: (1) the ratio of the mass of the solute divided by the mass of the solution or (2) the ratio of the volume of the solute divided by the volume of the solution.
Mass Percent
When the solute in a solution is a solid, a convenient way to express the concentration is a mass percent left ( frac{text{mass}}{text{mass}}right ) , which is the grams of solute per 100 g of solution.
Volume Percent
The percentage of solute in a solution can more easily be determined by volume when the solute and solvent are both liquids. The volume of the solute divided by the volume of solution expressed as a percent yields the percent by volume left ( frac{text{volume}}{text{volume}}right ) of the solution. If a solution is made by adding 40 mL of ethanol to 20 mL of water, the percent by volume is:
