A clause is a group of words containing a subject and verb. An independent clause is a simple sentence. It can stand on its own.
Examples:
She is hungry.
I am feeling well today.
A phrase is a group of words without a subject-verb component, used as a single part of speech.
Examples:
Best friend (this phrase acts as a noun)
Needing help (this phrase acts as an adjective; see Adjectives and Adverbs)
With the blue shirt (this prepositional phrase acts as an adjective; see Prepositions)
For twenty days (this prepositional phrase acts as an adverb)
Simple Sentences
A simple sentence has the most basic elements that make it a sentence: a subject, a verb, and a completed thought.
Examples of simple sentences include the following:
Joe waited for the train.
"Joe" = subject, "waited" = verb
The train was late.
"The train" = subject, "was" = verb
Mary and Samantha took the bus.
"Mary and Samantha" = compound subject, "took" = verb
I looked for Mary and Samantha at the bus station.
"I" = subject, "looked" = verb
Mary and Samantha arrived at the bus station early but waited until noon for the bus.
"Mary and Samantha" = compound subject, "arrived" and "waited" = compound verb
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