FILL IN THE BLANKS. Fill in the blanks with the correct word. You may
refer to “What is It and What’s New”.
The location of the beginning of an earthquake is its _______(1)_______. This
is the underground point in the crust where the built-up pressure of the caught plates
is released.
When you throw a pebble into a pond, it creates waves in the water. The energy
released during an earthquake also travels in waves called _______(2)_______.
There are two main types of seismic waves. These are _______(3)_______ and
_______(4)_______.
There are two types of body waves, the _______(5)_______ and the
_______(6)_______. P-waves are also called _______(7)_______ waves. These
longitudinal waves are the _______(8)_______ moving waves and can move through
_______(9)_______, _______(10)_______ and _______(11)_______. S-waves are
also called _______(12)_______. These transverse waves travel
_______(13)_______ than P-waves. They can only pass through
_______(14)_______ and are therefore stopped on the liquid outer core of the Earth.
_______(15)_______ waves travel just below the surface of the ground.
Although they move even more slowly than S-waves, they can be much larger in
amplitude and are often the most destructive type of seismic wave. There are two
common types of surface waves, the Love waves and the Rayleigh waves.
Love waves move the ground from _______(16)_______. These waves are the
most _______(17)_______ outside the area of the epicenter. They are what most
people feel directly during an earthquake. On the other hand, Rayleigh waves roll
along the ground just like a wave rolls across a lake or an ocean. Because it rolls, it
moves the ground _______(18)_______ and _______(19)_______ in the same
direction that the wave is moving.
Scientists are able to understand Earth's _______(20)_______ by
studying seismic waves.